Pregnancy and lactation are anabolic states that are orchestrated via hormones to produce a redirection of nutrients to highly specialize material tissues (i.e. placenta and mammary gland) and their transfer to develop fetus or infant. Within several weeks of conception, a new endocrine organ, the placenta, forms and begins secreting hormone that affect the metabolism of all nutrients. The key components of a health promoting lifestyle during pregnancy include appropriate weight gain; consumption of a variety of foods from various food groups, appropriate and timely vitamin and mineral supplementation; avoidance of alcohol, tobacco and other harmful substances; besides safe food handling. Nutritional requirements during the lactation are much more than pregnancy and if well administered, it helps in shedding extra fat & weight that was put on during pregnancy.
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